Encyclopedia of GIS 2008
Shashi Shekhar, Hui Xiong (Eds.):
Encyclopedia of GIS.
Springer 2008, ISBN 978-0-387-30858-6 
3
- 3-Value Indeterminacy.
1
- 3D City Models.
1
- 3D Models.
1
4
- 4-Intersection Calculus.
3
- 4IM.
3
9
- 9-Intersection Calculus.
5
- 9IM.
5
A
- A* Algorithm.
7
- Absolute Positional Accuracy.
7
- Abstract Features.
7
- Abstract Representation of Geographic Data.
7
- Abstraction.
7
- Monika Sester:
Abstraction of GeoDatabases.
7-10
- Access Control.
10
- Access Method, High-Dimensional.
10
- Access Structures for Spatial Constraint Databases.
10
- Accuracy.
10
- Accuracy, Map.
10
- Accuracy, Spatial.
10
- Active Data Mining.
10
- ActiveX Components.
10
- Activities and Occurrences.
10
- Activities, Fixed.
10
- Activities, Flexible.
10
- Activity.
11
- Activity Analysis.
11
- Activity Theory.
11
- Acyclic Directed Graph.
11
- Ad-Hoc Localization.
11
- Adaptation.
11
- Adaptation, Complete.
11
- Adaption, Complete.
11
- Adaptive.
11
- Adaptive Visualization.
11
- Adaptive, Context-Aware.
11
- Aerial.
11
- Aerial Imagery.
11
- Affordance.
11
- Agent Simulation.
11
- Agent-Based Models.
11
- Iosif Lazaridis, Sharad Mehrotra:
Aggregate Queries, Progressive Approximate.
11-16
- Aggregation.
16
- Donghui Zhang:
Aggregation Query, Spatial.
16-19
- Air Borne Sensors.
19
- akNN.
19
- Algorithm.
19
- All-K-Nearest Neighbors.
19
- All-Lanes-Out.
19
- All-Nearest-Neighbors.
19
- Ambient Spatial Intelligence.
19
- Ambiguity.
19
- Analysis, Robustness.
20
- Analysis, Sensitivity.
20
- Anamolies.
20
- Anchor Points.
20
- Anchors, Space-Time.
20
- Anomaly Detection.
20
- Anonymity.
20
- Anonymity in Location-Based Services.
20
- Anonymization of GPS Traces.
20
- ANSI NCITS 320-1998.
20
- Application.
20
- Jean Brodeur, Thierry Badard:
Application Schema.
20-21
- Approximate Aggregate Query.
21
- Thomas Bittner, John G. Stell:
Approximation.
21-25
- aR-Tree.
25
- ArcExplorer.
25
- David J. Maguire:
ArcGIS: General Purpose GIS Software System.
25-31
- ArcIMS.
31
- Arrival, Angle Of.
31
- Arrival, Time Of.
31
- Artificial Neural Network.
31
- Association.
31
- Association Measures.
31
- Association Rules: Image Indexing and Retrieval.
31
- Association Rules, Spatio-temporal.
32
- Atlas Information System.
32
- Atlas, Electronic.
32
- Atlas, Interactive.
32
- Atlas, Multimedia.
32
- Atlas, Virtual.
32
- Attribute and Positional Error in GIS.
32
- Chandana Gangodagamage, Xiaobo Zhou, Henry Lin:
Autocorrelation, Spatial.
32-37
- Automated Map Compilation.
37
- Automated Map Generalization.
37
- Automated Vehicle Location (AVL).
37
- Automatic Graphics Generation.
37
- Automatic Information Extraction.
37
- Autonomy, Space Time.
37
- Autoregressive Models.
37
B
C
- Caching.
65
- CAD and GIS Platforms.
65
- Cadaster.
65
- Erik Stubkjær:
Cadastre.
65-70
- Camera Model.
70
- Cartographic Data.
70
- Cartographic Generalization.
70
- Cartographic Information System.
70
- Catalog Entry.
70
- Liping Di, Yuqi Bai:
Catalogue Information Model.
70-77
- Catalogue Information Schema.
77
- Catalogue Metadata Schema.
77
- Category, Geographic; RDF.
77
- Central Perspective.
77
- Central Projection.
77
- Centrographic Measures.
77
- CGI.
77
- CGIS.
77
- Chain.
77
- Jérôme Théau:
Change Detection.
77-84
- Change of Support Problem.
84
- Muzaffer Kanaan, Bardia Alavi, Ahmad Hatami, Kaveh Pahlavan:
Channel Modeling and Algorithms for Indoor Positioning.
84-92
- Characteristic Travel Time.
92
- Check-Out.
92
- Clementini Operators.
92
- Chi-Yin Chow:
Cloaking Algorithms.
92
- Chi-Yin Chow:
Cloaking Algorithms for Location Privacy.
93-97
- Close Range.
97
- Closest Point Query.
97
- Closest Topological Distance.
97
- Cluster Analysis.
97
- Co-location.
97
- Co-location Mining.
97
- Nikos Mamoulis:
Co-location Pattern.
98
- Wei Hu:
Co-location Pattern Discovery.
98-103
- Co-location Patterns.
103
- Nikos Mamoulis:
Co-location Patterns, Algorithms.
103-107
- Marko Salmenkivi:
Co-location Patterns, Interestingness Measures.
107-111
- Co-location Rule Discovery.
111
- Co-location Rule Finding.
111
- Co-location Rule Mining.
112
- Co-Occurrence.
176
- Co-Registration.
176
- Cognition.
97
- Cognitive Engineering.
97
- Cognitive Mapping.
97
- Cognitive Psychology.
97
- Collaborative Geographic Information Systems.
97
- Collocation Pattern.
97
- Collocation, Spatio-temporal.
112
- COM/OLE.
112
- Combinatorial Map.
112
- Components.
112
- Composite Geographic Information Systems Web Application.
112
- Computational Grid.
112
- Computational Infrastructure.
112
- Computer Cartography.
112
- Joe Astroth:
Computer Environments for GIS and CAD.
112-118
- Computer Supported Cooperative Work.
118
- Leen-Kiat Soh, Ashok Samal:
Computing Fitness of Use of Geospatial Datasets.
118-123
- Computing Performance.
123
- Conceptual Generalization of Databases.
123
- Conceptual Model.
123
- Conceptual Modeling.
123
- Conceptual Modeling of Geospatial Databases.
123
- Anthony G. Cohn:
Conceptual Neighborhood.
123
- Conceptual Schema.
123
- Jing Dai, Chang-Tien Lu:
Concurrency Control for Spatial Access.
124
- Jing Dai, Chang-Tien Lu:
Concurrency Control for Spatial Access Method.
124-128
- Concurrency Control Protocols.
128
- Concurrent Spatial Operations.
128
- Conditional Spatial Regression.
128
- Conflation.
129
- Sharad C. Seth, Ashok Samal:
Conflation of Features.
129-133
- Ching-Chien Chen, Craig A. Knoblock:
Conflation of Geospatial Data.
133-140
- Conflict Resolution.
140
- Consequence Management.
140
- Conservation Medicine.
140
- Lixin Li:
Constraint Database Queries.
140-144
- Constraint Database Visualization.
144
- Lixin Li:
Constraint Databases and Data Interpolation.
144-153
- Lixin Li:
Constraint Databases and Moving Objects.
153-157
- Peter Z. Revesz:
Constraint Databases, Spatial.
157-160
- Constraint Query Languages.
160
- Constraints, Authority.
160
- Constraints, Capability.
160
- Constraints, Coupling.
160
- Content Metadata.
160
- Context-Aware.
160
- Context-Aware Dynamic Access Control.
160
- Context-Aware Presentation.
160
- Context-Aware Role-Based Access Control.
160
- Contextualization.
160
- Context-Sensitive Visualization.
160
- Contingency Management System.
160
- Continuity Matrix.
160
- Continuity Network.
161
- Continuous Location-Based Queries.
161
- Continuous Queries.
161
- Xiaopeng Xiong, Mohamed F. Mokbel, Walid G. Aref:
Continuous Queries in Spatio-temporal Databases.
161-165
- Continuous Query Processing.
165
- Continuously Changing Maps.
165
- Brian Wolshon:
Contraflow for Evacuation Traffic Management.
165-170
- Sangho Kim:
Contraflow in Transportation Network.
170-176
- Contraint Relations.
176
- Convergence of GIS and CAD.
176
- Converging.
176
- Coregistration.
176
- Correlated.
176
- Correlated Walk.
176
- Correlation Queries.
176
- Pusheng Zhang:
Correlation Queries in Spatial Time Series Data.
176-179
- COSP.
179
- Counterflow.
179
- Wenli Yang, Liping Di:
Coverage Standards and Services, Geographic.
179-180
- Crime Mapping.
180
- Ronald E. Wilson, Katie M. Filbert:
Crime Mapping and Analysis.
180-186
- Crime Travel Demand.
187
- CrimeStat.
187
- Ned Levine:
CrimeStat: A Spatial Statistical Program for the Analysis of Crime Incidents.
187-193
- Cross-Covariance Models.
193
- CSCW.
193
- Customization.
193
- Ilya Zaslavsky:
Cyberinfrastructure for Spatial Data Integration.
193-196
D
- Data Acquisition.
197
- Christian Heipke:
Data Acquisition, Automation.
197-200
- Michael F. Goodchild:
Data Analysis, Spatial.
200-203
- Data Approximation.
203
- Vana Kalogeraki, Amir Soheili:
Data Collection, Reliable Real-Time.
204-209
- Data Compression.
209
- Haijun Zhu, Chaowei Phil Yang:
Data Compression for Network GIS.
209-213
- Data Cube.
213
- Data Grid.
213
- Frederico T. Fonseca:
Data Infrastructure, Spatial.
213-215
- Data Integration.
215
- Data Modeling.
215
- Data Models.
215
- Erik G. Hoel:
Data Models in Commercial GIS Systems.
215-219
- Data Quality.
220
- Data Representations.
220
- Data Schema.
220
- Marci Sperber:
Data Structure.
220
- Data Types for Moving Objects.
220
- Data Types for Uncertain, Indeterminate, or Imprecise Spatial Objects.
220
- James B. Pick:
Data Warehouses and GIS.
220-225
- Data Warehousing.
225
- Data-Structures.
231
- Database Indexing.
225
- Database Integration.
225
- Database Management.
225
- Rachel Pottinger:
Database Schema Integration.
226-231
- Databases, Relational.
231
- Datalog, SQL.
231
- Data-Structure, Spatial.
231
- Daytime Population.
231
- DE-9IM.
231
- Dead-Reckoning.
231
- Decision Rules.
232
- Decision Support.
232
- Martin D. Crossland:
Decision Support Systems.
232
- Decision Support Tools for Emergency Evacuations.
232
- Martin D. Crossland:
Decision-Making Effectiveness with GIS.
232-235
- Decision-Making, Multi-Criteria.
235
- Decision-Making, Multi-Attribute.
235
- Decision-Making, Multi-Objective.
235
- Markus Lupp:
deegree Free Software.
235-239
- Deegree Library.
239
- Deegree Open Source Framework.
239
- Delaunay Triangulation.
239
- DEM.
239
- Dempster Shafer Belief Theory.
240
- Dependence, Spatial.
240
- Detection of Changes.
240
- Determinant.
240
- DGC.
240
- Digital Change Detection Methods.
240
- Digital Divide.
240
- Digital Earth.
240
- Digital Elevation Model.
240
- Digital Image.
240
- Digital Image Processing.
240
- Digital Line Graph.
240
- Digital Mapping.
240
- Digital Road Networks.
240
- Digital Surface Model.
240
- Digitization of Maps.
240
- Dijktra's Shortest Path Algorithm.
240
- Dimension Reduction.
240
- Christian Strobl:
Dimensionally Extended Nine-Intersection Model (DE-9IM).
240-245
- Directed Acyclic Graphs.
245
- Directory Rectangles.
245
- Dirichlet Tessellation.
245
- Discord or Non-Specificity in Spatial Data.
245
- Discretization of Quatitative Attributes.
245
- Disease Mapping.
245
- Disk Page.
245
- Distance Measures.
245
- James M. Kang:
Distance Metrics.
245-246
- Distance-Preserving Mapping.
246
- Distributed Algorithm.
246
- Distributed Caching.
246
- Distributed Computing.
246
- Distributed Databases.
246
- Distributed Geocomputation.
246
- Chaowei Phil Yang:
Distributed Geospatial Computing (DGC).
246-249
- Distributed Geospatial Information Processing.
249
- Distributed GIS.
249
- Baxter E. Vieux:
Distributed Hydrologic Modeling.
250-254
- Distributed Information Systems.
254
- Distributed Localization.
254
- Distribution Logistics.
254
- Divide and Conquer.
254
- DLG.
254
- Document Object Model.
254
- Driving Direction.
255
- Dual Space-Time Representation.
255
- Dynamic Generalization.
255
- Sotiris Brakatsoulas, Dieter Pfoser, Nectaria Tryfona, Agnès Voisard:
Dynamic Travel Time Maps.
255-260
- Dynamics.
260
E
- E-Science.
290
- Early Warning.
261
- Earth Observation.
261
- Earth Observation Standards.
261
- Ecological Planning and Modeling.
261
- Edge Routing Problems.
261
- Egenhofer Operators.
261
- Egg-Yolk Calculus.
261
- Egg-Yolk Model.
261
- Electromagnetic Tagging.
261
- Electronic Atlases.
261
- Electronic Identification.
261
- Elevation Reference Surface (Datum).
261
- Embodiment, Individualization.
261
- Emergency Evacuation Models.
267
- Cheng Liu, Mark Tuttle:
Emergency Evacuation Plan Maintenance.
267-271
- Yi-Chang Chiu, Henry X. Liu:
Emergency Evacuation, Dynamic Transportation Models.
261-267
- Oscar Franzese, Cheng Liu:
Emergency Evacuations, Transportation Networks.
271-274
- Emergency Preparedness.
274
- Emergency Preparedness & Response.
274
- Emergency Response.
274
- Energy Constraint.
274
- Energy Optimization.
274
- Energy-Aware.
274
- Entity Integration.
274
- Environment-Sensitive Access Control.
287
- Environmental Communication.
274
- Environmental Criminology.
274
- Ari Jolma, Daniel P. Ames, Ned Horning, Helena Mitásová, Markus Neteler, Aaron Racicot, Tim Sutton:
Environmental Modeling Using Open Source Tools.
275-279
- Dale A. Bruns:
Environmental Planning and Simulation Tools.
279-287
- Environmental Planning Support Systems.
287
- Environmental Sensor Networks.
287
- Epidemics.
287
- Epidemiological Mapping.
287
- Epidemiology, Computational.
287
- Epidemiology, Landscape.
287
- Epidemiology, Spatial.
287
- Error.
287
- Error Propagation.
287
- Roger Bivand:
Error Propagation in Spatial Prediction.
287-290
- ESRI.
290
- Estimation Predication.
291
- Estimation, Non-Parametric.
291
- Estimation, Parametric.
291
- Euclidean Distance.
291
- Euclidean Restriction.
291
- Euler's Konigsberg's Bridges Problem.
291
- Evacuation Logistics Planning.
291
- Evacuation Model Systems.
291
- Evacuation Planning.
291
- Evacuation Routes.
291
- Event.
291
- Event, Cyclic.
291
- Event, Periodic.
291
- Event, Recurrent.
291
- Evidence.
291
- Evolution.
291
- Daniel J. Sarlitto:
Evolution of Earth Observation.
291-297
- Evolution of GIS and LBS.
297
- Evolution, Landscape.
291
- Evolutionary Algorithms.
297
- Evolving Spatial Patterns.
297
- Exchange Format.
297
- Exchange, Data.
297
- Exploratory Cartography.
297
- Exploratory Data Analysis.
297
- Exploratory Spatial Analysis.
297
- Lance A. Waller:
Exploratory Spatial Analysis in Disease Ecology.
297-301
- Menno-Jan Kraak:
Exploratory Visualization.
301-307
- Extended Node Tree.
307
- Extensibility.
307
- Markus Lupp:
Extensible Markup Language.
307
- Externalization.
307
F
- Factor Screening Method.
309
- Fastest Route.
313
- Donghui Zhang:
Fastest-Path Computation.
309-313
- FCC 94-102.
313
- Jean Brodeur, Thierry Badard:
Feature Catalogue.
313-314
- Feature Extraction.
314
- Ashok Samal, Sharad C. Seth:
Feature Extraction, Abstract.
314-320
- Feature Matching.
320
- Features.
320
- Features, Linguistic.
320
- Features, Physical.
320
- FGDC.
320
- Field Data.
320
- Jordan Wood:
Filter and Refine Strategy.
320
- Filter-Refine Paradigm.
321
- Filtering.
321
- FIPS 173.
321
- FIPS PUB 173.
321
- First Law of Geography.
321
- First-Order Logic with Constraints Queries.
321
- Fleet Management.
321
- Dieter Pfoser:
Floating Car Data.
321
- Flocking.
321
- Folksonomy.
321
- Footprint.
321
- Format.
321
- Four-Intersection Model.
322
- Fourier Series.
322
- Frame of Discernment.
322
- Free GIS.
322
- Marko Salmenkivi:
Frequent Itemset Discovery.
322-323
- Frequent Itemset Mining.
323
- Marko Salmenkivi:
Frequent Pattern.
323
- Functional Description.
323
- Fundamental Matrix.
323
- Fuzzy Sets.
323
G
- G-Polygon.
409
- G-Ring.
424
- G/Technology.
325
- Gaussian.
325
- Naren Ramakrishnan, Chris Bailey-Kellogg:
Gaussian Process Models in Spatial Data Mining.
325-329
- Gazeteer.
329
- GDAL.
329
- GE Smallworld.
329
- Geary Coefficient.
329
- Geary Ratio.
329
H
- Xiaobo Zhou, Henry Lin:
Geary's C .
329-330
- Geary's Index.
330
- Generalization.
330
- William A. Mackaness, Omair Chaudhry:
Generalization and Symbolization.
330-339
- Robert Weibel, Dirk Burghardt:
Generalization, On-the-Fly.
339-344
- Generalized Minimum Spanning Tree.
344
- Generalizing.
344
- Genome Mapping.
344
- Geo-Intelligence.
368
- Geo-Mashups.
368
- Geo-Portal.
368
- Geo-Role-Based Access Control.
368
- Shivanand Balram, Suzana Dragicevic:
Geocollaboration.
344-347
- GeoDa.
347
- Austin Troy:
Geodemographic Segmentation.
347-355
- Wenli Yang, Liping Di:
Geographic Coverage Standards and Services.
355-358
- Geographic Data Management.
358
- Geographic Data Mining.
358
- Geographic Data Reduction.
358
- Geographic Database Conceptual Modeling.
358
- Geographic Databases.
358
- May Yuan:
Geographic Dynamics, Visualization and Modeling.
358-362
- Geographic Information.
362
- Geographic Information Retrieval.
362
- Geographic Information Sciences.
362
- Geographic Information Systems.
363
- Harvey J. Miller:
Geographic Knowledge Discovery.
363
- Geographic Market Segmentation.
363
- Geographic Markup Language.
363
- Geographic Metadata.
363
- Geographic Phenomena.
363
- Geographic Profiling.
363
- Geographic Resources Analysis Support Software.
363
- Geographic Spatial Regression.
364
- Geographic Weighted Regression (GWR).
364
- Geographical Analysis.
364
- Geographical Information Retrieval.
364
- Geographically Weighted Regression.
364
- Raimundo F. Dos Santos, Chang-Tien Lu:
Geography Markup Language (GML).
364-368
- Geoinformatic Surveillance.
368
- GEOINT.
368
- Geolocation.
368
- Geomedia.
368
- Geometric Engine Open Source (GEOS).
368
- Geometric Fidelity.
368
- Geometric Modeling.
368
- GeoOntologies.
368
- Geopriv Group, IETF.
368
- Georectified.
368
- Georegistration.
368
- GEOS Library.
368
- Silvia Nittel:
Geosensor Networks.
368-371
- Guang Jin:
Geosensor Networks, Estimating Continuous Phenonena.
371-372
- Lars Kulik:
Geosensor Networks, Formal Foundations.
372-375
- Matt Duckham:
Geosensor Networks, Qualitative Monitoring of Dynamic Fields.
376-379
- Geospatial Analysis.
379
- Geospatial Authorization.
379
